Anjali,
It's an Earned Value concept that is not that easy to explain. It's a way to measure and assign effort of related tasks. For instance: If you have a quality assurance person reviewing 10 deliverables, then the time that he spends can be apportioned to these 10 deliverables (i.e. 10% to each). In this way, the effort (cost) created by QA gets "assigned" to your 10 deliverables. (This is by no means a perfect explanation, but it gets the basic idea across.)
Here is an overview of the basic Earned Value concepts:
certifedpmp.wordpress.com/2008/09/23/bas...ed-value-management/